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Today, the issue is not only protecting water sources, but also finding & permitting them. Schreuder, Inc. provides cost-effective, creative & customized solutions to water use/reuse & environmental issues facing you.

Schreuder, Inc. has a long history of studies performed for the Florida Institute of Phosphate Research (FIPR). This has led to a number of interesting projects, some as follows.

	Impact of Phosphate Mining on Streamflow (Publication No. 03-145-220). The proposal called for comparing land use changes to resulting streamflow changes in two basins of the Peace River watershed: Payne Creek and Joshua Creek drainage basins. Close to 70% of the total surface area in the Payne Creek Basin has been affected by phosphate mining. No phosphate mining has taken place or is scheduled to occur in the Joshua Creek Basin, in which 30% of the land is used for irrigated agriculture. Initially, satellite imagery and aerial photographs were used to create a seasonal database of land use changes over the time period of 1985-2000 for use in a water budget spreadsheet model. To obtain a more definitive quantitative definition, the study was significantly expanded to include an exhaustive analysis of the correlation between measured rainfall and measured streamflow.
	An Investigation of the Capacity of Tailing Sand to Remove Microorganisms from Surficial Waters (Publication No. 03-124-153). This project examined the feasibility of storing wastewater or excess treatment water in reservoirs on mined lands, purifying the water with wetland treatment and sand filtration and then injecting the treated water into the Floridan Aquifer.
	Potential Use of Phosphate Mining Tailing Sand for Water Filtration: Leaching Tests (Publication No. 03-113-154). The study tested the leaching of sand tailings in barrels to examine the resulting water quality and microorganism removal by sand tailing filtration.
	Feasibility of Natural Treatment and Recharge of Wastewater and Surface Waters Using Mined Phosphate Lands (Publication No. 03-113-186). This research focused on identifying 5 project sites were water could be harvested, treated and recharged to the Floridan Aquifer. This approach worked well with the Southern Water Use Caution Area (SWUCA) regional water resources management plan projected water needs.
	Pilot Project to Test Natural Water Treatment Capacity of Wetland and Tailing Sand Filtration on Mined Lands (Publication No. 03-136-209). This pilot project was a field test of a treatment wetland and sand tailing filtration basin. This included regular sampling to determine if the resulting water met drinking water standards.
	Water Quality Investigation of In-Situ Tailing Sand Deposits Under Natural Environmental Conditions (Publication No. 03-129-185). This study examined water quality resulting from 12 different tailing sand deposits by installation of temporary monitor wells and their sampling. The samples were analyzed for primary and secondary drinking water standards.

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